Solutions in Chemistry
An interactive journey through homogeneous mixtures, their types, and how we express their concentration
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Learning Objectives
After studying this unit, you will be able to:
- Describe the formation of different types of solutions
- Express concentration of solution in different units
- State and explain Henry's law and Raoult's law
- Distinguish between ideal and non-ideal solutions
More objectives:
- Explain deviations of real solutions from Raoult's law
- Describe colligative properties of solutions and correlate these with molar masses of the solutes
- Explain abnormal colligative properties exhibited by some solutes in solutions
Real-Life Connection
In normal life we rarely come across pure substances. Most of these are mixtures containing two or more pure substances. Their utility or importance in life depends on their composition. For example:
- The properties of brass (mixture of copper and zinc) are quite different from those of German silver (mixture of copper, zinc and nickel) or bronze (mixture of copper and tin)
- 1 part per million (ppm) of fluoride ions in water prevents tooth decay, while 1.5 ppm causes the tooth to become mottled
- Intravenous injections are always dissolved in water containing salts at particular ionic concentrations that match with blood plasma concentrations
Types of Solutions
Learn about different solution types
Explore gaseous, liquid, and solid solutions with interactive examples.
Concentration Units
Master different ways to express concentration
Learn about mass percentage, molarity, molality, mole fraction, and more.