What are Solutions?
Components of a Solution
The component that is present in the largest quantity is known as the solvent.
Solvent determines the physical state in which solution exists.
One or more components present in the solution other than solvent are called solutes.
In this unit, we shall consider only binary solutions (consisting of two components).
Classification of Solutions
Solutions can be classified based on the physical state of the solvent and solute. Here are the main types:
Gaseous Solutions
In gaseous solutions, the solvent is a gas. The solute can be a gas, liquid, or solid.
Gas in Gas
Example: Mixture of oxygen and nitrogen gases (air)
Liquid in Gas
Example: Chloroform mixed with nitrogen gas
Solid in Gas
Example: Camphor in nitrogen gas
Everyday Examples
- 1
Soft Drinks
Carbon dioxide gas dissolved in water (Gas in Liquid)
- 2
Brass
Copper and zinc (Solid in Solid)
- 3
Air
Mixture of gases (Gas in Gas)
- 4
Vinegar
Acetic acid in water (Liquid in Liquid)